Fisika

FISIKA

A.Physical Properties

What are physical properties? Physical properties are the properties of a substance that can be observed,measured,or tested by our senses, such as colour,size,form (solid,liquid, gas) odor,taste,boiling point,melting point,solubility,pliancy,hardness,heat and electric conductive. Table 4.1 shows the physical properties of some substances. Now, let’s study some physical properties of substances.

TABLE 4.1 Physical properties of some substances

Substance	Chemical Symbol	Substance’s Form	Color	Melting Point	Boiling Point	Taste	Odor
Water	H20	Liquid	No color	0	100	Tastelees	Odorlees
Sugar	C12H22O11	Solid	White	185	-	Sweet	Odorlees
Sulfur	S	Solid	Yellow	113	445	-	Odorlees
Table Salt	NaCL	Solid	White	804	1413	Salty	Salty smell
Mercury	Hg	Liquid	Silver white	-37,87	356,58	-	-

B. Chemical Properties

What do you know about chemical properties of a subtance? Unlike thephysical charateristic , the chemical property of a subtance is not easy to be observed. That’s because the chemical property of of a subtance is related to the reaction of the subtance to other subtance in producing a new subtance. The property oh the new subtance is so different with its intial subtance. Some chemical properties are listed in Table 4.8

Example of chemical properties are the acidity or alkalinity (pH), reactivity with water or other subtance , corroded,easily burnt, and poisonous for humans (toxic)

The Chemical Characteristic of some Substance

Substance	Chemical characteristic
Iron Carbon Cyanide Acid Neon	Corroded Can be burnt ( reacts with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide) Poisonous for humans Inert (doesn’t react with anything)

MIXTURES SEPARATION

1.    The particles of a mixture can be physically and chemically separated. The physical properties that can be used as the basic of mixture separation are particle’s size, particle’s boiling point, and solubility. The chemical characteristic that can be used as the basic of mixture separation is the making of the sediment as the effect of chemical reaction.

2.    Some methods of mixture separation are filtration, decantation, sublimation, centrifugation, crystalisation, chromatography, evaporation, distillation, separatory funnel, and floculation.

3.    The filtration method is used to separate a mixture wherein the shaper subtance are in the froms of liquid (liquid substance) and solid matter (solid substance) with a quite small size of the solid matter.

4.    Decantation means carefully pouring the liquid and leaving the unsoluble solid at the bottom of beaker glass.

5.    Centrifugation is a separation technique for mixture with different specific grafity by spinning the mixture with high velocity.

6.    Evaporation is a technique of liquid separation wherein the shaper substance are in the forms of solid matter and liquid.